Saturated fats should be avoided wherever possible as they increase the amount of cholesterol in the blood and increase the risk of developing heart disease. Saturated fat is found lard, pies, cakes, cheese, cream, sausages and fatty cuts of meat.

What it does: Antioxidant properties help to protect against free radicals and carcinogens, reduces inflammation, stimulates immune system to fight infections, promotes a healthy heart, required for male reproductive system, needed for metabolism.

Deficiency Signs: Premature ageing, cataracts, high blood pressure, frequent infections.

Best food sources: Tuna, oysters, molasses, mushrooms, herrings, cottage cheese, cabbage, beef liver, courgettes, cod, chicken.

Serotonin is a hormone found naturally in the brain and digestive tract. It is often referred to as the ‘happy hormone’ as it influences mood.

Simple carbohydrates are also referred to as refined carbohydrates. The process of refining turns a complex carbohydrate into a simple carbohydrate. Simple carbohydrates cause a sharp increase in blood sugar levels and a rapid release of energy. White bread, white rice, white pasta, chocolate, biscuits, cake and honey are all examples of simple carbohydrates.

Sucrose is commonly known as table sugar.

Testosterone is a male sex hormone important for sexual and reproductive development.

Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood – the body uses them for energy. However, high levels of triglycerides can raise the risk of heart disease.